Method and machine for making wire-drawing dies, etc.



A118; .933- I J. E. PETERSON El AL 1,922,497

METHOD AND MACHINE FOR [MAKING WIRE DRAWING DIES, ETC 7 Filed July 21. 1930 INVENTORS J'okn EPeferson nilAlmBe/Ie Patented Aug. 15, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE John E. Peterson and Emil A. Van Beke, North Bergen, N. J., assignors to Eisler Electric Corporation, Newark, N. J., a Corporation of Dela- Application .lltllly 21, 1930. Serial No. 469,381

2 Claims. (E11. 51-33) Our invention relates to drilling, forming and polishing holes in hard substances and materials such as diamonds and other precious and semiprecious stones, glass, refractory metals and other 5 materials where it is necessary to have the holes drilled or formed or polished or to have any combination of drilling, forming and polishing. The invention is useful among other respects for making drawingor squirting-dies or other articles comprising a perfectly round, uniformly formed and polished hole whose containing wall may have any contour such as cylindrical, conical, convex, etc.

The method in common use for drilling, formin drilling the hole through the material with a drill-point of steel or other suitable metal and using a drilling powder of diamond dust or other hard material; and then in separate operations coning'the front and back of the hole; and polishing and finishing it. These operations, performed in separate stages, require a separate set-up of the machine and the work-piece for each stage, with resulting inaccuracies in the form of the hole as well as loss of time.

The method and machine 'of our present invention accomplishes all of the above and other important'operations in a single set-up of the machine and of the work-piece to produce a perectly formed and polished hole.

The accompanying drawing shows diagrammatically one preferred embodiment of a machine within our invention; and said drawing and the following description serve to illustrate the invention but without limiting the invention to the details thereof except as called for by the claims.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the machine; Fig. 2 is a side view thereof; Fig. 3 is the same as Fig. 1 except that the rotary table and related parts are shown in vertical cross-section and the tilting head is shown only in its vertical or middle position, also the polishing wire and its connections are shown; and Fig. 4 is an enlarged view in vertical cross-section of a portion of the turntable and the drawing-die shown in the other figures in which the hole is being drilled in accordance with our .invention, said figure serving to illustrate the co-action of the drill with the work-piece at various times as the work progresses as will be hereinafter explained.

The machine in general comprises a drill spin-- ing and polishing holes in such materials consists tively to the work-piece A, and further comprises a rotary table 2 for the support of the work-piece to be drilledjformed and polished; and further comprises a specially constructed hollow spindle 3 for supporting the rotary table having combined therewith means for receiving a wire 4 through the hollow of the spindle, the lower end of said wire being swivelled and yieldingly attached to a fixed part of the underneath framework of the machine, and its upper end, which projects through the hollow spindle and the hole in the work-piece, being secured in the chuck 5 of the drill spindle so that the wirerotates with the spindle.

Only a portion of the stationary framework 6 of the machine is shown. A bracket '7 secured to this framework supports the bearing '7 of the turntable spindle. This turntable spindle is a hollow tube 3 which has an outwardly extending flange or shoulder 3 at its upper end overlying the upper end of the bearing '7 Its lower end projecting below the bearing supports a pulley 8 keyed thereto. The rotary turntable 2 has a center hole through it in communication with a hole through a hollow stem 2 integral with the bottom of the turntable. In the particular form shown, this stem is conical and is fixed in the mouth of a tube 3 contained within the previously described hollow spindle 3. There is a sliding fit between this tube and the spindle; and means is provided forlongitudinally adjusting the tube and, therefore, the turntable which it supports for a limited distance up and down in the hollow spindle, said adjusting means comprising screw-threads 3 on the outside of the 9 tube in engagement with other screw-threads on the inside of the rotary spindle. This adjusting means further comprises a knurled head. 3 on the tube by which the operator of the machine can screw the slidable tube 3 into and out of the rotary spindle 3 to a greater or less extent and so adjust the height of the turntable to any desired position relatively to the drill. Means not necessary to illustrate may be provided to maintain said adjustments when made.

The drill head for operatively supporting the. drill consists of a bracket 9 of any suitable or preferred form which, however, at its lower end at the general level of the cutting end of the drill is pivotally supported at 9 from the framework 6 of the machine so that the entire head can be caused to sway laterally from side to side or to occupy any suitable angular position between the vertical position shown by the full lines in Fig. l and the dotted lines in the same figure in order to adjust correspondingly the angular position of the drill B relatively to the work piece in boring a hole therethrough and in forming and shaping the walls of said hole. Massive lateral extensions S -9 from the drill-head adjacent the pivot 9 lower its center of gravity and tend to prevent vibration.

The drill head 9 is provided as shown with two spaced apart arms 9 to-support aligned bearings which in turn operatively support the drill spindle 1 whose lower end is provided with the usual chuck 5 forthe' drill. A pulley 10 is secured by set-screw 10 to the drill spindle between the arms 9 of the head for driving the spindle. The set-screw permits the pulley to be raised and lowered relatively tothe toe of the rock-arm l8.

Means, not necessary to illustrate, is provided for driving respectively the drill spindle. and the turntable spindle, the former by means of the belt 11 engaging the grooved pulley l0 and the latter by the belt 12 engaging the grooved pulley 8 previously described. These speeds may be varied in practice but we have found that a speed of 1600 R. P. M. for the drill spindle l and a speed of 2003. P. M. in an opposite direction for the turntable 2 gives good results. These speeds may be varied in accordance with the type of the material to be worked. The revolving of the material to-be drilled in an opposite direction from and simultaneously with the drill-point hasbeen found to have an advantageous efiect in producing a perfectly round, formed and polished hole.

It will be understood that the drill-spindle 1 can move vertically while rotating in its bearings; and that it is given sufiicient weight so that it constantly tends to force the drill against the work with the requisite pressure.

Means is provided when. desired for continuously swaying or oscillating, the spindle head. about its pivot 9 throligh an arc'which is adjustable as to its length 'or throw. For this purpose, wheh it is desired to use it, the machine comprises a cranksdriven connecting-rod 1% whose ends are pivotally connected respectively to the upper part of the drill-head and to the crank pin. The crank illustrated takes the form of a rotary disk 15 or wheel supported for rotation in suitable bearings by the frame of the machine and having suitable driving connections thereto'for rotating it comprising a worm-wheel 21 fixed to or rotatable with the disk 15 and a belt and pulley-driven'worm 22. The crank pin l5 forms part of a block 15 whichis slidable across the face of the disk between a pair of guides 15 and is securable in any desired posi 'tion of adjustment along said guides to vary the supported on the side of the drill-head driven by a pulley 17 on the same shaft belted to a suitable.

manner of the earn, the drill spindle and the drill will be raised by the rock-arm and then lowered by the previously referred to means that gives it downward tendency, such as the weight of the drillspindle. This intermittent raising and lowering of the operative end of the drill relatively to the 10 to adjust the position of the pulley relatively to the toe of the rock-arm 18.

The die or work-piece A to be drilled is secured ormounted on the turntable 2 in any desired or preferred manner; and comprises the usual metallic casing A rigidly enclosing the diamond or other hard substance A which is to be drilled and formed into the die, etc. A hole having been bored through the top of the metallic casing A with. any suitable machine tool down to the.

diamond A the work-piece is then centered on and affixed to the turntable with. said lfdle uppermost. The crank pin 15 is then adjusted to the center of its disk or approximately so. The knurled head 3 is operated to adjust the height of the turntable and the work-piece as well as the height of the drill B and the drill spindle 1 resting upon it so that the up and down motion delivered by the rock-arm 18 is minimized. Suitable abrasive powder having then been applied, the machine is set in motion and the oppositely rotating drill and work-piece drill a vertical hole in the diamond. Gradually more and more sway is imparted to the drill head by suitably adjusting the position of the crank pin. Also, the extent of the up and down movement of the drill spindle and drill is increased.

Fig. 4 shows in cross-section a completely drilled, formed and polished die A produceable by this machine in a single set-up. The lead-in cone on the front of the die can be varied in slope and contour by. suitably adjusting the throw of the crank and the oscillation-arc of the drill spindle. B and B in Fig. 4 indicate two of the many positions of the tool during its up and down and laterally swaying movements to form the lead-in cone. The over-all size and depth of the cone is also under control, including the adjustment of the height of the turntable by means of the knurled head 3 I The drilling and polishing of the wall of the hole may be carried out by disconnecting the swaying attachment and operating the drill spindle as a' simple revolving spindle simultaneously with the other devices. The drilling, forming and polishing of the relieving-cone on the back of the die is provided by suitably adjusting and operating the swaying attachment of the drill spindle; and two of the positions'of the tool are shown at B and B in Fig. 4 when forming this cone. Similarly, holes having other contours may be formed by appropriate operation of themachine to operate the drill in positions corresponding to those required by the desired wall-contour.

- On some material it is highly desirable to polish out the hole. Therefore, meansis further provided usable whenever desirable for polishing and finishing the interior surface of the hole with a rotary wire 4. After the hole has been bored through the work-piece and it is ready for polishing by this method, the wire 4 is passed through the hollow turntable spindle and through the hole in the work-piece. The upper end of the wire is secured in the chuck of the drill spindle; and itslower end is secured to the rotary member 19 of a swivel whose outer relatively stationary part 19 is secured to a coiled tension spring 20 attached to a portion of the underneath framework of the machine. The machine is then setin motion, whereupon the wire is rapidly rotated about its own axis and is brought into rubbing contact with the walls of the hole in the Work-piece by the lateral swaying'of the drill head; and moreover, at the same time the wire is caused by the rock-arm 18 to slide up and down in contact with the wall of the hole as permitted by the spring 20. The net result of all of these motions is highly efficient-polishing action by the wireupon the wall of the hole. This operation of finishing the surface of the hole can also be accomplished in other ways-for example, by not rotating the drill spindle or the wire and by rotating only the turntable and the work piece; or vice versa by rotating the drill spindle and the wire but holding stationary the workpiece and the turntable; or by the combination of the two as at first described.

The illustrated machine shows only a singleunit drill spindle. However, in practice, multiples of the devices shown have been combined in one machine with,interconnections between them whereby ten or more work-pieces can be drilled simultaneously by a single operator.

It will be noted that the turntable has an axial hole or opening 2 in continuation of or under the hole through the die or other article which is being formed so that the point of the tool B during the up and down and swaying movements of the tool can play freely through the hole in the work-piece into the turntable opening without any interference therewith. In this way, both the enteringand the relieving cones of the hole in the work-piece may be formed by suitably changing or regulating the swaying and other movements of the tool relatively to the workpiece but without changing the original set-up of the work-piece on the turntable which is adapted to remain the same throughout.

It will be understood that changes and modifications will be made in the illustrative embodiment of our invention without, however, departing from its scope and spirit.

What we claim is:

1. In combination, a rotary work supporting table and means for rotating it, a pivotally supported drill head and means for oscillating it on its pivot axis, and a drill spindle journaled in the drill head transverse to the pivot axis of the drill head and being furthermore mounted to longitudinally reciprocate in the drill head, and a tool carried by the spindle and extending across the pivot axis of the drill head to have a double coning operation on the work-piece without changing the set-up thereof, assisted by the relative rotation of the spindle and the work table and theoscillation of the drill head and spindle.

2. In apparatus for drilling and reaming workpieces without resetting the latter, the combination with a rotatable work supporting table having an axial opening therethrough and means for rotating the table, of a drill head capable of lateral oscillation on an axis transverse to the axis of and substantially at the level of the table, a drill spindle journaled in the head and laterally movable with the same, said spindle being reciprocable toward and from the table, means for rotating the spindle, means for fixing the drill head with the spindle substantially perpendicular to the work supporting table and in line with the opening therein to permit the work on the table to be drilled, and for oscillating the work head while the table is rotated to cause the said work to be reamed by the spindle after it has been drilled.

JOHN E. PETERSON. EMIL A. VAN BEKE. 

